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Translation
For translation, the affine transformation matrix is the identity matrix, and the translation vector, b, has a nonzero value:
For instance, for a translation of five pixel positions along the vertical direction and three pixel positions along the horizontal direction, we can use b= [5 3]T, with M as the identity matrix.
The following is an image translation of a retina by 24 pixel locations, along both the width and height of the image:
Figure 2.5: Image translation of the retina