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3.4 上机实训一——绘制会议桌椅平面图
本节通过绘制会议桌椅平面图,对本章所讲述的点、线、弧等多种绘图工具进行综合练习和巩固应用。会议桌椅平面图的最终绘制效果如图3-61所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_77_4.jpg?sign=1739054739-x1bRQR3GohOOtAmgXvhkOEap2lOqRJrW-0-cdc826bf75a03ceff6e122de744f0263)
图3-61 会议桌椅平面图的最终绘制效果
操作步骤
Step 01 单击“标准”工具栏→“新建”按钮,新建绘图文件。
Step 02 选择菜单栏中的“格式”→“图形界限”命令,设置图形界限为750x750,命令行提示如下。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_78_1.jpg?sign=1739054739-Dr3rumR2uzDGYr4WS6i5Bj7CzEq5Nuca-0-ddf33ca005d174d629b74f9c238942bb)
Step 03 按“Z”快捷键激活“视图缩放”功能,将图形界限最大化显示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_78_3.jpg?sign=1739054739-uQUZyAlYAE67QMal5c3zYLUYeyifmtLq-0-ab5d7a46689d185fc1347579c40d2822)
正在重生成模型。
Step 04 激活状态栏上的“极轴追踪”和“对象捕捉”功能,并设置极轴角参数和对象捕捉模式参数,如图3-62和图3-63所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_78_5.jpg?sign=1739054739-hsWup1hHMkcaWlCmNRFo9RAUw3seY1OY-0-83927097a01228dcc09086e6e03b2366)
图3-62 设置极轴角参数
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_78_6.jpg?sign=1739054739-sOBWyn3qetPumrPUq2WyeTUGq6PKulEc-0-40c722f9d5418b3de4c9f4426f6ceea6)
图3-63 设置对象捕捉模式参数
Step 05 单击“默认”选项卡→“绘图”面板→“多段线”按钮,配合极轴追踪功能绘制会议椅的轮廓线。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_78_9.jpg?sign=1739054739-DPRIjDQISW7V8r0sKodtGzARu0bC5coS-0-91bad1020cb78700fdd060d1a63d9639)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_78_10.jpg?sign=1739054739-CYrIBt3DxdSJBB2aoyAPVUyQuGztUaFq-0-199804a3fe5995ae2c5052ca1e336281)
图3-64 垂直向下引出追踪虚线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_78_11.jpg?sign=1739054739-5RD1r8z4n9ZLpnSbfZ32UbYOZod6vEf4-0-3435a70e78cddc521c0e11bcfc2d47b1)
图3-65 水平向右引出追踪虚线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_79_1.jpg?sign=1739054739-vF7fLrIk907NEimhdVt3kRNd8W9nzwTk-0-bec69c2ec9a522ab8a3ea6e5be7be9b7)
Step 06 选择菜单栏中的“绘图”→“直线”命令,配合端点捕捉功能,分别连接内轮廓线上侧的两个端点,绘制如图3-67所示的直线。
Step 07 选择菜单栏中的“工具”→“新建UCS”→“原点”命令,捕捉中点1如图3-68所示,作为新坐标系的原点。定义UCS结果如图3-69所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_79_4.jpg?sign=1739054739-ZITeI7kYBXOCC3hLzPg0t6b7cd3pG5CA-0-8c29954e052cba071a2e46ed1fe1d587)
图3-66 绘制会议椅轮廓线结果
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_79_5.jpg?sign=1739054739-cxXNrDu8F2lDe10izwK3MV6XVM13iUQj-0-e870a5e6bead23d3aa80017b7a2f9fc3)
图3-67 绘制直线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_79_6.jpg?sign=1739054739-i9aenjkIKrzCxLb3uhNdzvd9keYXmnDE-0-b25b7965d7b87bf2eb3b4e4c1b4d3e55)
图3-68 捕捉中点1
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_79_7.jpg?sign=1739054739-ooLl5jMgQfYGq4kT4PcuSy4JYD23WfP6-0-b64994815ecca981991a4f198a4104e1)
图3-69 定义UCS结果
Step 08 选择菜单栏中的“绘图”→“圆弧”→“三点”命令,配合点的坐标输入功能,绘制内部的弧形轮廓线。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_79_9.jpg?sign=1739054739-2Enyqf5Ptn3q9s3bsR354tn78H7rytkj-0-dde78c7477d89700426cdac39f0858ed)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_80_1.jpg?sign=1739054739-U8cSXi9ra2yY5We6VPvsIun8BrM3uzUe-0-171cb3b384366c4a8a39a4bbd45a35b4)
图3-70 绘制结果
Step 09 选择菜单栏中的“工具”→“新建UCS”→“世界”命令,将当前坐标系恢复为世界坐标系。操作结果如图3-71所示。
Step 10 选择菜单栏中的“绘图”→“块”→“创建”命令,在打开的“块定义”对话框中设置参数,如图3-72所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_80_4.jpg?sign=1739054739-IhChTrhv4cpdvOzJYBCeUCvXKV0jFpzF-0-ad0c83bb68f0ad43e58069679644e90a)
图3-71 操作结果
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_80_5.jpg?sign=1739054739-w4petwFrjuGCcstDnQeEzmKk3wqq73JH-0-20be1ef8d42970e768e4ec0b4cf22b00)
图3-72 设置参数
Step 11 在“基点”选项组中单击“拾取点”按钮,返回绘图区捕捉如图3-73所示的中点作为块的基点。
Step 12 在“对象”选项组中单击“选择对象”按钮,返回绘图区拉出如图3-74所示的窗交选择框,将椅子图形创建为图块。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_80_10.jpg?sign=1739054739-QZLVWDBkV74vcuIdJm9BdtxWDHgyEym4-0-91f893651e75d381cf21863bc6dec933)
图3-73 捕捉中点2
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_80_11.jpg?sign=1739054739-uOUdUskffd3yhvsbo2ygZH3M24OmFb4z-0-a32335d2bc68bbf7303cb2149e48e9b7)
图3-74 窗交选择框
Step 13 按“Z”快捷键激活“视图缩放”命令,将新视图的高度调整为6000个绘图单位。
Step 14 执行“直线”命令,配合坐标输入功能绘制会议桌轮廓线。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_80_14.jpg?sign=1739054739-wCSqkKLbAiRDiCJX4KlwITYmFRlFmUCn-0-49718d967cd4045cf863f905c72a79fd)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_81_1.jpg?sign=1739054739-DpHhGaC9lvmTUPhOJVw2HKXtIC1664wz-0-f33b6847b4aae434f1d7772ec5c5607a)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_81_2.jpg?sign=1739054739-9PkJoBi0oIthLMBqn8odIIVt87QPkBTk-0-68fb2dd80022a23c4c2843012eab8e1d)
图3-75 绘制会议桌轮廓线结果
Step 15 选择菜单栏中的“格式”→“多线样式”命令,在打开的“多线样式”对话框中单击按钮,设置多线的封口形式,如图3-76所示。修改后的样式预览效果如图3-77所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_81_5.jpg?sign=1739054739-heAUAnGZu6npXXyZPaLxYpmd1CKBgS42-0-167ff0a9abfd1be01ce6aa59f28d7ae4)
图3-76 设置封口形式
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_81_6.jpg?sign=1739054739-p1oCkKrSWcgvzwQRJexu4d0176YaApf1-0-b9de2c2b6ce3a5327ea2560a483d0e68)
图3-77 修改后的样式预览效果
Step 16 选择菜单栏中的“绘图”→“多线”命令,配合“捕捉自”功能绘制会议桌内部轮廓线。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_81_8.jpg?sign=1739054739-vS5xAuUUHTf9aEe8mnklivIGa0LyWaqj-0-bd8242af700a9894c723a8a102167c73)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_81_9.jpg?sign=1739054739-HXUtXF0x50iXLs0c7Vy1sqVSUPt0yHBL-0-a687a9c4c53f7b9d1bfcfc4b037a9d09)
图3-78 捕捉端点
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_81_10.jpg?sign=1739054739-3BadSsGaCWctJ5RjtJAywdAfhdbRHvmp-0-608219696eb10be08df8a7a64f08b1d3)
图3-79 会议桌内部轮廓线绘制结果
Step 17 选择菜单栏中的“绘图”→“圆弧”→“三点”命令,配合“捕捉自”功能绘制会议桌两侧的弧形轮廓线。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_82_2.jpg?sign=1739054739-KPQJeroEsgEoCIzXpsSkPkRBT8AzCXPg-0-af1638cf1682eeadcc09dd5e470c1a13)
Step 18 在无命令执行的前提下,选择会议桌两侧的两条水平轮廓线,使其夹点显示,如图3-81所示。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_82_4.jpg?sign=1739054739-wJBbFzXrflq8xcVVZ8DTJvIZDVw2KxVa-0-cd9a0b1943b7953f31cdf7a0f20f03bd)
图3-80 会议桌两侧的弧形轮廓线绘制结果
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_82_5.jpg?sign=1739054739-XogieA3Uf0QIHIlF2KxJ39Dn14k3Hglo-0-8ce46769607217adfd1044fc89aabcaf)
图3-81 夹点显示
Step 19 按“Delete”键,删除两条夹点显示的水平边,删除结果1如图3-82所示。
Step 20 选择菜单栏中的“修改”→“偏移”命令,将偏移距离设置为200个绘图单位,将会议桌外侧轮廓线向外偏移。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_82_8.jpg?sign=1739054739-txJEAxNkiidFqAwimOCYqVPkf1HZdqdt-0-d6b47939815e9698516ad973987a6c1f)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_83_1.jpg?sign=1739054739-Hakl7Kl3levc0RQyA9N0XTW2H4egKW9h-0-02f1bce8d4b1ad9ded2306bc05ec09d8)
图3-82 删除结果1
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_83_2.jpg?sign=1739054739-Bkw1TFknSjE2eYgbzyX35NwoB2BWvTJT-0-1556c3b3cbfca435a436d550f47061b2)
图3-83 偏移结果
Step 21 选择菜单栏中的“绘图”→“点”→“定数等分”命令,为会议桌布置会议椅。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_83_4.jpg?sign=1739054739-lP6xbsrHcA5v4Nj9neMPlnHilnDZF7Kz-0-01465e2fe924faf040226bf1e79d9374)
Step 22 选择菜单栏中的“绘图”→“点”→“定距等分”命令,继续为会议桌布置会议椅。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_83_6.jpg?sign=1739054739-AYkPH38aVtAn0m2aOjhF9z2ddgbA0YpT-0-8dc75d30d3ef38064f2f86ef0906cff2)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_83_7.jpg?sign=1739054739-ZZcSyf6ML0bITe0l8PTv0YWAoWnxwcbz-0-6843e29ba6f281b635925f66464fdf95)
图3-84 定数等分结果
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_83_8.jpg?sign=1739054739-YAkwHfDMBfWFkhNbKiIZ5dUjCPLq0VXB-0-df93b17dc8734bdf3e14b01d790d1274)
图3-85 定距等分结果
Step 23 按“E”快捷键激活“删除”命令,删除偏移出的四条辅助图线,删除结果2如图3-86所示。
Step 24 执行“保存”命令,将图形命名存储为“上机实训一.dwg”。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/CD1FC1/19118076701949906/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/39026_84_1.jpg?sign=1739054739-SCQkB1cM918Fu0HGHa53qOZDzsKAA2ci-0-c5719029895ef5301451003abca2d4cb)
图3-86 删除结果2